Also known as PCOS, it is an endocrine disorder that affects about 4-8% of women of reproductive age.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
What causes it?
It is characterised by a combination of several factors, including:
- Lack of ovulation (egg release).
- Obesity.
- Hyperandrogenism (high levels of male hormones).
- Insulin resistance, where the body does not use insulin effectively, leading to high blood insulin levels.
Symptoms
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Irregular menstrual cycles or absent periods
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Infertility or difficulty getting pregnant
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Weight gain and difficulty losing weight
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Acne and oily skin
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Excessive hair growth on the face and body (hirsutism)
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Hair loss on the scalp (alopecia)
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Formation of ovarian cysts visible on ultrasound
Treatment
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Lifestyle changes:
Balanced diet and regular exercise to manage weight and improve insulin resistance. -
Medications:
- Birth control pills to regulate menstrual cycles and reduce hyperandrogenism (excess male hormones).
- Medication. -
Fertility treatments:
Assisted reproductive techniques, such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF), may be necessary if other treatments are not effective.